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INFO-DIR-SECTION Programming & development tools.
START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
* Gdb: (gdb).                     The GNU debugger.
END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY

   This file documents the GNU debugger GDB.

   This is the Eighth Edition, March 2000, of `Debugging with GDB: the
GNU Source-Level Debugger' for GDB Version 5.0.

   Copyright (C) 1988-2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

   Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
preserved on all copies.

   Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of
this manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided also
that the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms
of a permission notice identical to this one.

   Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this
manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified
versions.


File: gdb.info,  Node: GDB/MI Command Description Format,  Next: GDB/MI Breakpoint Table Commands,  Prev: GDB/MI Output Records,  Up: GDB/MI

GDB/MI Command Description Format
=================================

   The remaining sections describe blocks of commands.  Each block of
commands is laid out in a fashion similar to this chapter.

   Note the the line breaks shown in the examples are here only for
readability. They don't appear in the real output.  Also note that the
commands with a non-available example (N.A.) are not yet implemented.

Motivation
----------

   The motivation for this collection of commands

Introduction
------------

   A brief introduction to this collection of commands as a whole.

Commands
--------

   For each command in the block, the following is described:

Synopsis
........

      -command ARGS...

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB CLI command.

Result
......

Out-of-band
...........

Notes
.....

Example
.......


File: gdb.info,  Node: GDB/MI Breakpoint Table Commands,  Next: GDB/MI Data Manipulation,  Prev: GDB/MI Command Description Format,  Up: GDB/MI

GDB/MI Breakpoint table commands
================================

   This section documents GDB/MI commands for manipulating breakpoints.

The `-break-after' Command
--------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -break-after NUMBER COUNT

   The breakpoint number NUMBER is not in effect until it has been hit
COUNT times.  To see how this is reflected in the output of the
`-break-list' command, see the description of the `-break-list' command
below.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `ignore'.

Example
.......

     (gdb)
     -break-insert main
     ^done,bkpt={number="1",addr="0x000100d0",file="hello.c",line="5"}
     (gdb)
     -break-after 1 3
     ~
     ^done
     (gdb)
     -break-list
     ^done,BreakpointTable={hdr={"Num","Type","Disp","Enb","Address","What"},
     bkpt={number="1",type="breakpoint",disp="keep",enabled="y",
     addr="0x000100d0",func="main",file="hello.c",line="5",times="0",
     ignore="3"}}
     (gdb)

-break-condition
----------------

Synopsis
........

      -break-condition NUMBER EXPR

   Breakpoint NUMBER will stop the program only if the condition in
EXPR is true.  The condition becomes part of the `-break-list' output
(see the description of the `-break-list' command below).

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `condition'.

Example
.......

     (gdb)
     -break-condition 1 1
     ^done
     (gdb)
     -break-list
     ^done,BreakpointTable={hdr={"Num","Type","Disp","Enb","Address","What"},
     bkpt={number="1",type="breakpoint",disp="keep",enabled="y",
     addr="0x000100d0",func="main",file="hello.c",line="5",cond="1",
     times="0",ignore="3"}}
     (gdb)

The `-break-delete' Command
---------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -break-delete ( BREAKPOINT )+

   Delete the breakpoint(s) whose number(s) are specified in the
argument list. This is obviously reflected in the breakpoint list.

GDB command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `delete'.

Example
.......

     (gdb)
     -break-delete 1
     ^done
     (gdb)
     -break-list
     ^done,BreakpointTable={}
     (gdb)

The `-break-disable' Command
----------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -break-disable ( BREAKPOINT )+

   Disable the named BREAKPOINT(s).  The field `enabled' in the break
list is now set to `n' for the named BREAKPOINT(s).

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `disable'.

Example
.......

     (gdb)
     -break-disable 2
     ^done
     (gdb)
     -break-list
     ^done,BreakpointTable={hdr={"Num","Type","Disp","Enb","Address","What"},
     bkpt={number="2",type="breakpoint",disp="keep",enabled="n",
     addr="0x000100d0",func="main",file="hello.c",line="5",times="0"}}
     (gdb)

The `-break-enable' Command
---------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -break-enable ( BREAKPOINT )+

   Enable (previously disabled) BREAKPOINT(s).

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `enable'.

Example
.......

     (gdb)
     -break-enable 2
     ^done
     (gdb)
     -break-list
     ^done,BreakpointTable={hdr={"Num","Type","Disp","Enb","Address","What"},
     bkpt={number="2",type="breakpoint",disp="keep",enabled="y",
     addr="0x000100d0",func="main",file="hello.c",line="5",times="0"}}
     (gdb)

The `-break-info' Command
-------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -break-info BREAKPOINT

   Get information about a single breakpoint.

GDB command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `info break BREAKPOINT'.

Example
.......

   N.A.

The `-break-insert' Command
---------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -break-insert [ -t ] [ -h ] [ -r ]
         [ -c CONDITION ] [ -i IGNORE-COUNT ]
         [ -p THREAD ] [ LINE | ADDR ]

If specified, LINE, can be one of:

   * function

   * filename:linenum

   * filename:function

   * *address

   The possible optional parameters of this command are:

`-t'
     Insert a tempoary breakpoint.

`-h'
     Insert a hardware breakpoint.

`-c CONDITION'
     Make the breakpoint conditional on CONDITION.

`-i IGNORE-COUNT'
     Initialize the IGNORE-COUNT.

`-r'
     Insert a regular breakpoint in all the functions whose names match
     the given regular expression.  Other flags are not applicable to
     regular expresson.

Result
......

   The result is in the form:

      ^done,bkptno="NUMBER",func="FUNCNAME",
       file="FILENAME",line="LINENO"

where NUMBER is the GDB number for this breakpoint, FUNCNAME is the
name of the function where the breakpoint was inserted, FILENAME is the
name of the source file which contains this function, and LINENO is the
source line number within that file.

   Note: this format is open to change.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB commands are `break', `tbreak', `hbreak',
`thbreak', and `rbreak'.

Example
.......

     (gdb)
     -break-insert main
     ^done,bkpt={number="1",addr="0x0001072c",file="recursive2.c",line="4"}
     (gdb)
     -break-insert -t foo
     ^done,bkpt={number="2",addr="0x00010774",file="recursive2.c",line="11"}
     (gdb)
     -break-list
     ^done,BreakpointTable={hdr={"Num","Type","Disp","Enb","Address","What"},
     bkpt={number="1",type="breakpoint",disp="keep",enabled="y",
     addr="0x0001072c", func="main",file="recursive2.c",line="4",times="0"},
     bkpt={number="2",type="breakpoint",disp="del",enabled="y",
     addr="0x00010774",func="foo",file="recursive2.c",line="11",times="0"}}
     (gdb)
     -break-insert -r foo.*
     ~int foo(int, int);
     ^done,bkpt={number="3",addr="0x00010774",file="recursive2.c",line="11"}
     (gdb)

The `-break-list' Command
-------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -break-list

   Displays the list of inserted breakpoints, showing the following
fields:

`Number'
     number of the breakpoint

`Type'
     type of the breakpoint: `breakpoint' or `watchpoint'

`Disposition'
     should the breakpoint be deleted or disabled when it is hit: `keep'
     or `nokeep'

`Enabled'
     is the breakpoint enabled or no: `y' or `n'

`Address'
     memory location at which the breakpoint is set

`What'
     logical location of the breakpoint, expressed by function name,
     file name, line number

`times'
     number of times the breakpoint has been hit

   If there are no breakpoints or watchpoints, the BreakpointTable
field is an empty list.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `info break'.

Example
.......

     (gdb)
     -break-list
     ^done,BreakpointTable={hdr={"Num","Type","Disp","Enb","Address","What"},
     bkpt={number="1",type="breakpoint",disp="keep",enabled="y",
     addr="0x000100d0",func="main",file="hello.c",line="5",times="0"},
     bkpt={number="2",type="breakpoint",disp="keep",enabled="y",
     addr="0x00010114",func="foo",file="hello.c",line="13",times="0"}}
     (gdb)

   Here's an example of the result when there are no breakpoints:

     (gdb)
     -break-list
     ^done,BreakpointTable={}
     (gdb)

The `-break-watch' Command
--------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -break-watch [ -a | -r ]

   Create a watchpoint.  With the `-a' option it will create an
"access" watchpoint, i.e. a watchpoint that triggers either on a read
from or on a write to the memory location.  With the `-r' option, the
watchpoint created is a "read" watchpoint, i.e. it will trigger only
when the memory location is accessed for reading.  Without either of
the options, the watchpoint created is a regular watchpoint, i.e. it
will trigger when the memory location is accessed for writing.  *Note
Setting watchpoints: Set Watchpoints.

   Note that `-break-list' will report a single list of watchpoints and
breakpoints inserted.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB commands are `watch', `awatch', and `rwatch'.

Example
.......

   Setting a watchpoint on a variable in the `main' function:

     (gdb)
     -break-watch x
     ^done,wpt={number="2",exp="x"}
     (gdb)
     -exec-continue
     ^running
     ^done,reason="watchpoint-trigger",wpt={number="2",exp="x"},
     value={old="-268439212",new="55"},
     frame={func="main",args={},file="recursive2.c",line="5"}
     (gdb)

   Setting a watchpoint on a variable local to a function.  GDB will
stop the program execution twice: first for the variable changing
value, then for the watchpoint going out of scope.

     (gdb)
     -break-watch C
     ^done,wpt={number="5",exp="C"}
     (gdb)
     -exec-continue
     ^running
     ^done,reason="watchpoint-trigger",
     wpt={number="5",exp="C"},value={old="-276895068",new="3"},
     frame={func="callee4",args={},
     file="../../../devo/gdb/testsuite/gdb.mi/basics.c",line="13"}
     (gdb)
     -exec-continue
     ^running
     ^done,reason="watchpoint-scope",wpnum="5",
     frame={func="callee3",args={{name="strarg",
     value="0x11940 \"A string argument.\""}},
     file="../../../devo/gdb/testsuite/gdb.mi/basics.c",line="18"}
     (gdb)

   Listing breakpoints and watchpoints, at different points in the
program execution.  Note that once the watchpoint goes out of scope, it
is deleted.

     (gdb)
     -break-watch C
     ^done,wpt={number="2",exp="C"}
     (gdb)
     -break-list
     ^done,BreakpointTable={hdr={"Num","Type","Disp","Enb","Address","What"},
     bkpt={number="1",type="breakpoint",disp="keep",enabled="y",
     addr="0x00010734",func="callee4",
     file="../../../devo/gdb/testsuite/gdb.mi/basics.c",line="8",times="1"},
     bkpt={number="2",type="watchpoint",disp="keep",
     enabled="y",addr="",what="C",times="0"}}
     (gdb)
     -exec-continue
     ^running
     ^done,reason="watchpoint-trigger",wpt={number="2",exp="C"},
     value={old="-276895068",new="3"},
     frame={func="callee4",args={},
     file="../../../devo/gdb/testsuite/gdb.mi/basics.c",line="13"}
     (gdb)
     -break-list
     ^done,BreakpointTable={hdr={"Num","Type","Disp","Enb","Address","What"},
     bkpt={number="1",type="breakpoint",disp="keep",enabled="y",
     addr="0x00010734",func="callee4",
     file="../../../devo/gdb/testsuite/gdb.mi/basics.c",line="8",times="1"},
     bkpt={number="2",type="watchpoint",disp="keep",
     enabled="y",addr="",what="C",times="-5"}}
     (gdb)
     -exec-continue
     ^running
     ^done,reason="watchpoint-scope",wpnum="2",
     frame={func="callee3",args={{name="strarg",
     value="0x11940 \"A string argument.\""}},
     file="../../../devo/gdb/testsuite/gdb.mi/basics.c",line="18"}
     (gdb)
     -break-list
     ^done,BreakpointTable={hdr={"Num","Type","Disp","Enb","Address","What"},
     bkpt={number="1",type="breakpoint",disp="keep",enabled="y",
     addr="0x00010734",func="callee4",
     file="../../../devo/gdb/testsuite/gdb.mi/basics.c",line="8",times="1"}}
     (gdb)


File: gdb.info,  Node: GDB/MI Data Manipulation,  Next: GDB/MI Program Control,  Prev: GDB/MI Breakpoint Table Commands,  Up: GDB/MI

GDB/MI Data Manipulation
========================

   This section describes the GDB/MI commands that manipulate data:
examine memory and registers, evaluate expressions, etc.

The `-data-disassemble' Command
-------------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -data-disassemble
         [ -s START-ADDR -e END-ADDR ]
       | [ -f FILENAME -l LINENUM [ -n LINES ] ]
       -- MODE

Where:

`START-ADDR'
     is the beginning address (or `$pc')

`END-ADDR'
     is the end address

`FILENAME'
     is the name of the file to disassemble

`LINENUM'
     is the line number to disassemble around

`LINES'
     is the the number of disassembly lines to be produced.  If it is
     -1, the whole function will be disassembled, in case no END-ADDR is
     specified.  If END-ADDR is specified as a non-zero value, and
     LINES is lower than the number of disassembly lines between
     START-ADDR and END-ADDR, only LINES lines are displayed; if LINES
     is higher than the number of lines between START-ADDR and
     END-ADDR, only the lines up to END-ADDR are displayed.

`MODE'
     is either 0 (meaning only disassembly) or 1 (meaning mixed source
     and disassembly)

Result
......

   The output for each instruction is composed of two fields:

   * Address

   * Func-name

   * Offset

   * Instruction

   Note that whatever included in the instruction field, is not
manipulated directely by flathead, i.e. it is not possible to adjust
its format.

GDB Command
...........

   There's no direct mapping from this command to the CLI.

Example
.......

   Disassemble from the current value of `$pc' to `$pc + 20':

     (gdb)
     -data-disassemble -s $pc -e "$pc + 20" -- 0
     ^done,
     asm_insns={
     {address="0x000107c0",func-name="main",offset="4",
     inst="mov  2, %o0"},
     {address="0x000107c4",func-name="main",offset="8",
     inst="sethi  %hi(0x11800), %o2"},
     {address="0x000107c8",func-name="main",offset="12",
     inst="or  %o2, 0x140, %o1\t! 0x11940 <_lib_version+8>"},
     {address="0x000107cc",func-name="main",offset="16",
     inst="sethi  %hi(0x11800), %o2"},
     {address="0x000107d0",func-name="main",offset="20",
     inst="or  %o2, 0x168, %o4\t! 0x11968 <_lib_version+48>"}}
     (gdb)

   Disassemble the whole `main' function.  Line 32 is part of `main'.

     -data-disassemble -f basics.c -l 32 -- 0
     ^done,asm_insns={
     {address="0x000107bc",func-name="main",offset="0",
     inst="save  %sp, -112, %sp"},
     {address="0x000107c0",func-name="main",offset="4",
     inst="mov   2, %o0"},
     {address="0x000107c4",func-name="main",offset="8",
     inst="sethi %hi(0x11800), %o2"},
     [...]
     {address="0x0001081c",func-name="main",offset="96",inst="ret "},
     {address="0x00010820",func-name="main",offset="100",inst="restore "}}
     (gdb)

   Disassemble 3 instructions from the start of `main':

     (gdb)
     -data-disassemble -f basics.c -l 32 -n 3 -- 0
     ^done,asm_insns={
     {address="0x000107bc",func-name="main",offset="0",
     inst="save  %sp, -112, %sp"},
     {address="0x000107c0",func-name="main",offset="4",
     inst="mov  2, %o0"},
     {address="0x000107c4",func-name="main",offset="8",
     inst="sethi  %hi(0x11800), %o2"}}
     (gdb)

   Disassemble 3 instructions from the start of `main' in mixed mode:

     (gdb)
     -data-disassemble -f basics.c -l 32 -n 3 -- 1
     ^done,asm_insns={
     src_and_asm_line={line="31",
     file="/kwikemart/marge/ezannoni/flathead-dev/devo/gdb/ \
       testsuite/gdb.mi/basics.c",line_asm_insn={
     {address="0x000107bc",func-name="main",offset="0",
     inst="save  %sp, -112, %sp"}}},
     
     src_and_asm_line={line="32",
     file="/kwikemart/marge/ezannoni/flathead-dev/devo/gdb/ \
       testsuite/gdb.mi/basics.c",line_asm_insn={
     {address="0x000107c0",func-name="main",offset="4",
     inst="mov  2, %o0"},
     {address="0x000107c4",func-name="main",offset="8",
     inst="sethi  %hi(0x11800), %o2"}}}}
     (gdb)

The `-data-evaluate-expression' Command
---------------------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -data-evaluate-expression EXPR

   Evaluate EXPR as an expression.  The expression could contain an
inferior function call.  The function call will execute synchronously.
If the expression contains spaces, it must be enclosed in double quotes.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB commands are `print', `output', and `call'.
In `gdbtk' only, there's a corresponding `gdb_eval' command.

Example
.......

   In the following example, the numbers that precede the commands are
the "tokens" described in *Note GDB/MI Command Syntax: GDB/MI Command
Syntax.  Notice how GDB/MI returns the same tokens in its output.

     211-data-evaluate-expression A
     211^done,value="1"
     (gdb)
     311-data-evaluate-expression &A
     311^done,value="0xefffeb7c"
     (gdb)
     411-data-evaluate-expression A+3
     411^done,value="4"
     (gdb)
     511-data-evaluate-expression "A + 3"
     511^done,value="4"
     (gdb)

The `-data-list-changed-registers' Command
------------------------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -data-list-changed-registers

   Display a list of the registers that have changed.

GDB Command
...........

   GDB doesn't have a direct analog for this command; `gdbtk' has the
corresponding command `gdb_changed_register_list'.

Example
.......

   On a PPC MBX board:

     (gdb)
     -exec-continue
     ^running
     
     (gdb)
     *stopped,reason="breakpoint-hit",bkptno="1",frame={func="main",
     args={},file="try.c",line="5"}
     (gdb)
     -data-list-changed-registers
     ^done,changed-registers={"0","1","2","4","5","6","7","8","9",
     "10","11","13","14","15","16","17","18","19","20","21","22","23",
     "24","25","26","27","28","30","31","64","65","66","67","69"}
     (gdb)

The `-data-list-register-names' Command
---------------------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -data-list-register-names [ ( REGNO )+ ]

   Show a list of register names for the current target.  If no
arguments are given, it shows a list of the names of all the registers.
If integer numbers are given as arguments, it will print a list of the
names of the registers corresponding to the arguments.

GDB Command
...........

   GDB does not have a command which corresponds to
`-data-list-register-names'.  In `gdbtk' there is a corresponding
command `gdb_regnames'.

Example
.......

   For the PPC MBX board:
     (gdb)
     -data-list-register-names
     ^done,register-names={"r0","r1","r2","r3","r4","r5","r6","r7",
     "r8","r9","r10","r11","r12","r13","r14","r15","r16","r17","r18",
     "r19","r20","r21","r22","r23","r24","r25","r26","r27","r28","r29",
     "r30","r31","f0","f1","f2","f3","f4","f5","f6","f7","f8","f9",
     "f10","f11","f12","f13","f14","f15","f16","f17","f18","f19","f20",
     "f21","f22","f23","f24","f25","f26","f27","f28","f29","f30","f31",
     "pc","ps","cr","lr","ctr","xer"}
     (gdb)
     -data-list-register-names 1 2 3
     ^done,register-names={"r1","r2","r3"}
     (gdb)

The `-data-list-register-values' Command
----------------------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -data-list-register-values FMT [ ( REGNO )*]

   Display the registers' contents.  FMT is the format according to
which the registers' contents are to be returned, followed by an
optional list of numbers specifying the registers to display.  A
missing list of numbers indicates that the contents of all the
registers must be returned.

   Allowed formats for FMT are:

`x'
     Hexadecimal

`o'
     Octal

`t'
     Binary

`d'
     Decimal

`r'
     Raw

`N'
     Natural

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB commands are `info reg', `info all-reg', and
(in `gdbtk') `gdb_fetch_registers'.

Example
.......

   For a PPC MBX board (note: line breaks are for readability only, they
don't appear in the actual output):

     (gdb)
     -data-list-register-values r 64 65
     ^done,register-values={{number="64",value="0xfe00a300"},
     {number="65",value="0x00029002"}}
     (gdb)
     -data-list-register-values x
     ^done,register-values={{number="0",value="0xfe0043c8"},
     {number="1",value="0x3fff88"},{number="2",value="0xfffffffe"},
     {number="3",value="0x0"},{number="4",value="0xa"},
     {number="5",value="0x3fff68"},{number="6",value="0x3fff58"},
     {number="7",value="0xfe011e98"},{number="8",value="0x2"},
     {number="9",value="0xfa202820"},{number="10",value="0xfa202808"},
     {number="11",value="0x1"},{number="12",value="0x0"},
     {number="13",value="0x4544"},{number="14",value="0xffdfffff"},
     {number="15",value="0xffffffff"},{number="16",value="0xfffffeff"},
     {number="17",value="0xefffffed"},{number="18",value="0xfffffffe"},
     {number="19",value="0xffffffff"},{number="20",value="0xffffffff"},
     {number="21",value="0xffffffff"},{number="22",value="0xfffffff7"},
     {number="23",value="0xffffffff"},{number="24",value="0xffffffff"},
     {number="25",value="0xffffffff"},{number="26",value="0xfffffffb"},
     {number="27",value="0xffffffff"},{number="28",value="0xf7bfffff"},
     {number="29",value="0x0"},{number="30",value="0xfe010000"},
     {number="31",value="0x0"},{number="32",value="0x0"},
     {number="33",value="0x0"},{number="34",value="0x0"},
     {number="35",value="0x0"},{number="36",value="0x0"},
     {number="37",value="0x0"},{number="38",value="0x0"},
     {number="39",value="0x0"},{number="40",value="0x0"},
     {number="41",value="0x0"},{number="42",value="0x0"},
     {number="43",value="0x0"},{number="44",value="0x0"},
     {number="45",value="0x0"},{number="46",value="0x0"},
     {number="47",value="0x0"},{number="48",value="0x0"},
     {number="49",value="0x0"},{number="50",value="0x0"},
     {number="51",value="0x0"},{number="52",value="0x0"},
     {number="53",value="0x0"},{number="54",value="0x0"},
     {number="55",value="0x0"},{number="56",value="0x0"},
     {number="57",value="0x0"},{number="58",value="0x0"},
     {number="59",value="0x0"},{number="60",value="0x0"},
     {number="61",value="0x0"},{number="62",value="0x0"},
     {number="63",value="0x0"},{number="64",value="0xfe00a300"},
     {number="65",value="0x29002"},{number="66",value="0x202f04b5"},
     {number="67",value="0xfe0043b0"},{number="68",value="0xfe00b3e4"},
     {number="69",value="0x20002b03"}}
     (gdb)

The `-data-read-memory' Command
-------------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -data-read-memory [ -o BYTE-OFFSET ]
        ADDRESS WORD-FORMAT WORD-SIZE
        NR-ROWS NR-COLS [ ASCHAR ]

where:

`ADDRESS'
     An expression specifying the address of the first memory word to be
     read.  Complex expressions containing embedded white space should
     be quoted using the C convention.

`WORD-FORMAT'
     The format to be used to print the memory words.  The notation is
     the same as for GDB's `print' command (*note Output formats:
     Output Formats.).

`WORD-SIZE'
     The size of each memory word in bytes.

`NR-ROWS'
     The number of rows in the output table.

`NR-COLS'
     The number of columns in the output table.

`ASCHAR'
     If present, indicates that each row should include an ASCII dump.
     The value of ASCHAR is used as a padding character when a byte is
     not a member of the printable ASCII character set (printable ASCII
     characters are those whose code is between 32 and 126,
     inclusively).

`BYTE-OFFSET'
     An offset to add to the ADDRESS before fetching memory.

   This command displays memory contents as a table of NR-ROWS by
NR-COLS words, each word being WORD-SIZE bytes.  In total, `NR-ROWS *
NR-COLS * WORD-SIZE' bytes are read (returned as `total-bytes').
Should less then the requested number of bytes be returned by the
target, the missing words are identified using `N/A'.  The number of
bytes read from the target is returned in `nr-bytes' and the starting
address used to read memory in `addr'.

   The address of the next/previous page or row is available in
`next-row' and `prev-row', `next-page' and `prev-page'.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `x'.  `gdbtk' has `gdb_get_mem'
memory read.

Example
.......

   Read six bytes of memory starting at `bytes+6' but then offset by
`-6' bytes.  Format as three rows of two columns. One byte per word.
Display each word in hex.

     (gdb)
     9-data-read-memory -o -6 -- bytes+6 x 1 3 2
     9^done,addr="0x00001390",nr-bytes="6",total-bytes="6",
     next-row="0x00001396",prev-row="0x0000138e",next-page="0x00001396",
     prev-page="0x0000138a",memory={
     {addr="0x00001390",data={"0x00","0x01"}},
     {addr="0x00001392",data={"0x02","0x03"}},
     {addr="0x00001394",data={"0x04","0x05"}}}
     (gdb)

   Read two bytes of memory starting at address `shorts + 64' and
display as a single word formatted in decimal.

     (gdb)
     5-data-read-memory shorts+64 d 2 1 1
     5^done,addr="0x00001510",nr-bytes="2",total-bytes="2",
     next-row="0x00001512",prev-row="0x0000150e",
     next-page="0x00001512",prev-page="0x0000150e",memory={
     {addr="0x00001510",data={"128"}}}
     (gdb)

   Read thirty two bytes of memory starting at `bytes+16' and format as
eight rows of four columns.  Include a string encoding with `x' used as
the non-printable character.

     (gdb)
     4-data-read-memory bytes+16 x 1 8 4 x
     4^done,addr="0x000013a0",nr-bytes="32",total-bytes="32",
     next-row="0x000013c0",prev-row="0x0000139c",
     next-page="0x000013c0",prev-page="0x00001380",memory={
     {addr="0x000013a0",data={"0x10","0x11","0x12","0x13"},ascii="xxxx"},
     {addr="0x000013a4",data={"0x14","0x15","0x16","0x17"},ascii="xxxx"},
     {addr="0x000013a8",data={"0x18","0x19","0x1a","0x1b"},ascii="xxxx"},
     {addr="0x000013ac",data={"0x1c","0x1d","0x1e","0x1f"},ascii="xxxx"},
     {addr="0x000013b0",data={"0x20","0x21","0x22","0x23"},ascii=" !\"#"},
     {addr="0x000013b4",data={"0x24","0x25","0x26","0x27"},ascii="$%&'"},
     {addr="0x000013b8",data={"0x28","0x29","0x2a","0x2b"},ascii="()*+"},
     {addr="0x000013bc",data={"0x2c","0x2d","0x2e","0x2f"},ascii=",-./"}}
     (gdb)

The `-display-delete' Command
-----------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -display-delete NUMBER

   Delete the display NUMBER.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `delete display'.

Example
.......

   N.A.

The `-display-disable' Command
------------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -display-disable NUMBER

   Disable display NUMBER.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `disable display'.

Example
.......

   N.A.

The `-display-enable' Command
-----------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -display-enable NUMBER

   Enable display NUMBER.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `enable display'.

Example
.......

   N.A.

The `-display-insert' Command
-----------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -display-insert EXPRESSION

   Display EXPRESSION every time the program stops.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `display'.

Example
.......

   N.A.

The `-display-list' Command
---------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -display-list

   List the displays.  Do not show the current values.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `info display'.

Example
.......

   N.A.

The `-environment-cd' Command
-----------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -environment-cd PATHDIR

   Set GDB's working directory.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `cd'.

Example
.......

     (gdb)
     -environment-cd /kwikemart/marge/ezannoni/flathead-dev/devo/gdb
     ^done
     (gdb)

The `-environment-directory' Command
------------------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -environment-directory PATHDIR

   Add directory PATHDIR to beginning of search path for source files.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `dir'.

Example
.......

     (gdb)
     -environment-directory /kwikemart/marge/ezannoni/flathead-dev/devo/gdb
     ^done
     (gdb)

The `-environment-path' Command
-------------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -environment-path ( PATHDIR )+

   Add directories to beginning of search path for object files.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `path'.

Example
.......

     (gdb)
     -environment-path /kwikemart/marge/ezannoni/flathead-dev/ppc-eabi/gdb
     ^done
     (gdb)

The `-environment-pwd' Command
------------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -environment-pwd

   Show the current working directory.

GDB command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `pwd'.

Example
.......

     (gdb)
     -environment-pwd
     ~Working directory /kwikemart/marge/ezannoni/flathead-dev/devo/gdb.
     ^done
     (gdb)


File: gdb.info,  Node: GDB/MI Program Control,  Next: GDB/MI Miscellaneous Commands,  Prev: GDB/MI Data Manipulation,  Up: GDB/MI

GDB/MI Program control
======================

Program termination
...................

   As a result of execution, the inferior program can run to
completion, if it doesn't encouter any breakpoints.  In this case the
ouput will include an exit code, if the program has exited
exceptionally.

Examples:
.........

Program exited normally:

     (gdb)
     -exec-run
     ^running
     (gdb)
     x = 55
     *stopped,reason="exited-normally"
     (gdb)

Program exited exceptionally:

     (gdb)
     -exec-run
     ^running
     (gdb)
     x = 55
     *stopped,reason="exited",exit-code="01"
     (gdb)

   Another way the program can terminate is if it receives a signal
such as `SIGINT'.  In this case, GDB/MI displays this:

     (gdb)
     *stopped,reason="exited-signalled",signal-name="SIGINT",
     signal-meaning="Interrupt"

The `-exec-abort' Command
-------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -exec-abort

   Kill the inferior running program.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `kill'.

Example
.......

   N.A.

The `-exec-arguments' Command
-----------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -exec-arguments ARGS

   Set the inferior program arguments, to be used in the next
`-exec-run'.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `set args'.

Example
.......

   Don't have one around.

The `-exec-continue' Command
----------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -exec-continue

   Asynchronous command.  Resumes the execution of the inferior program
until a breakpoint is encountered, or until the inferior exits.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB corresponding is `continue'.

Example
.......

     -exec-continue
     ^running
     (gdb)
     @Hello world
     *stopped,reason="breakpoint-hit",bkptno="2",frame={func="foo",args={},
     file="hello.c",line="13"}
     (gdb)

The `-exec-finish' Command
--------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -exec-finish

   Asynchronous command.  Resumes the execution of the inferior program
until the current function is exited.  Displays the results returned by
the function.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `finish'.

Example
.......

   Function returning `void'.

     -exec-finish
     ^running
     (gdb)
     @hello from foo
     *stopped,reason="function-finished",frame={func="main",args={},
     file="hello.c",line="7"}
     (gdb)

   Function returning other than `void'.  The name of the internal GDB
variable storing the result is printed, together with the value itself.

     -exec-finish
     ^running
     (gdb)
     *stopped,reason="function-finished",frame={addr="0x000107b0",func="foo",
     args={{name="a",value="1"},{name="b",value="9"}},
     file="recursive2.c",line="14"},
     gdb-result-var="$1",return-value="0"
     (gdb)

The `-exec-interrupt' Command
-----------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -exec-interrupt

   Asynchronous command. Interrupts the background execution of the
target.  Note how the token associated with the stop message is the one
for the execution command that has been interrupted.  The token for the
interrupt itself only appears in the '^done' output.  If the user is
trying to interrupt a non-running program, an error message will be
printed.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `interrupt'.

Example
.......

     (gdb)
     111-exec-continue
     111^running
     
     (gdb)
     222-exec-interrupt
     222^done
     (gdb)
     111*stopped,signal-name="SIGINT",signal-meaning="Interrupt",
     frame={addr="0x00010140",func="foo",args={},file="try.c",line="13"}
     (gdb)
     
     (gdb)
     -exec-interrupt
     ^error,msg="mi_cmd_exec_interrupt: Inferior not executing."
     (gdb)

The `-exec-next' Command
------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -exec-next

   Asynchronous command.  Resumes execution of the inferior program,
stopping when the beginning of the next source line is reached.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `next'.

Example
.......

     -exec-next
     ^running
     (gdb)
     *stopped,reason="end-stepping-range",line="8",file="hello.c"
     (gdb)

The `-exec-next-instruction' Command
------------------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -exec-next-instruction

   Asynchronous command.  Executes one machine instruction.  If the
instruction is a function call continues until the function returns.  If
the program stops at an instruction in the middle of a source line, the
address will be printed as well.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `nexti'.

Example
.......

     (gdb)
     -exec-next-instruction
     ^running
     
     (gdb)
     *stopped,reason="end-stepping-range",
     addr="0x000100d4",line="5",file="hello.c"
     (gdb)

The `-exec-return' Command
--------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -exec-return

   Makes current function return immediately.  Doesn't execute the
inferior.  Displays the new current frame.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `return'.

Example
.......

     (gdb)
     200-break-insert callee4
     200^done,bkpt={number="1",addr="0x00010734",
     file="../../../devo/gdb/testsuite/gdb.mi/basics.c",line="8"}
     (gdb)
     000-exec-run
     000^running
     (gdb)
     000*stopped,reason="breakpoint-hit",bkptno="1",
     frame={func="callee4",args={},
     file="../../../devo/gdb/testsuite/gdb.mi/basics.c",line="8"}
     (gdb)
     205-break-delete
     205^done
     (gdb)
     111-exec-return
     111^done,frame={level="0 ",func="callee3",
     args={{name="strarg",
     value="0x11940 \"A string argument.\""}},
     file="../../../devo/gdb/testsuite/gdb.mi/basics.c",line="18"}
     (gdb)

The `-exec-run' Command
-----------------------

Synopsis
........

      -exec-run

   Asynchronous command.  Starts execution of the inferior from the
beginning.  The inferior executes until either a breakpoint is
encountered or the program exits.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `run'.

Example
.......

     (gdb)
     -break-insert main
     ^done,bkpt={number="1",addr="0x0001072c",file="recursive2.c",line="4"}
     (gdb)
     -exec-run
     ^running
     (gdb)
     *stopped,reason="breakpoint-hit",bkptno="1",
     frame={func="main",args={},file="recursive2.c",line="4"}
     (gdb)

The `-exec-show-arguments' Command
----------------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -exec-show-arguments

   Print the arguments of the program.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `show args'.

Example
.......

   N.A.

The `-exec-step' Command
------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -exec-step

   Asynchronous command.  Resumes execution of the inferior program,
stopping when the beginning of the next source line is reached, if the
next source line is not a function call.  If it is, stop at the first
instruction of the called function.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `step'.

Example
.......

   Stepping into a function:

     -exec-step
     ^running
     (gdb)
     *stopped,reason="end-stepping-range",
     frame={func="foo",args={{name="a",value="10"},
     {name="b",value="0"}},file="recursive2.c",line="11"}
     (gdb)

   Regular stepping:

     -exec-step
     ^running
     (gdb)
     *stopped,reason="end-stepping-range",line="14",file="recursive2.c"
     (gdb)

The `-exec-step-instruction' Command
------------------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -exec-step-instruction

   Asynchronous command.  Resumes the inferior which executes one
machine instruction.  The output, once GDB has stopped, will vary
depending on whether we have stopped in the middle of a source line or
not.  In the former case, the address at which the program stopped will
be printed as well.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `stepi'.

Example
.......

     (gdb)
     -exec-step-instruction
     ^running
     
     (gdb)
     *stopped,reason="end-stepping-range",
     frame={func="foo",args={},file="try.c",line="10"}
     (gdb)
     -exec-step-instruction
     ^running
     
     (gdb)
     *stopped,reason="end-stepping-range",
     frame={addr="0x000100f4",func="foo",args={},file="try.c",line="10"}
     (gdb)

The `-exec-until' Command
-------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -exec-until [ LOCATION ]

   Asynchronous command.  Executes the inferior until the LOCATION
specified in the argument is reached.  If there is no argument, the
inferior executes until a source line greater than the current one is
reached.  The reason for stopping in this case will be
"location-reached".

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `until'.

Example
.......

     (gdb)
     -exec-until recursive2.c:6
     ^running
     (gdb)
     x = 55
     *stopped,reason="location-reached",frame={func="main",args={},
     file="recursive2.c",line="6"}
     (gdb)

The `-file-exec-and-symbols' Command
------------------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -file-exec-and-symbols FILE

   Specify the executable file to be debugged.  This file is the one
from which the symbol table is also read.  If no file is specified, the
command clears the executable and symbol information.  If breakpoints
are set when using this command with no arguments, gdb will produce
error messages.  Otherwise, no output is produced, except a completion
notification.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `file'.

Example
.......

     (gdb)
     -file-exec-and-symbols /kwikemart/marge/ezannoni/TRUNK/mbx/hello.mbx
     ^done
     (gdb)

The `-file-exec-file' Command
-----------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -file-exec-file FILE

   Specify the executable file to be debugged.  Unlike
`-file-exec-and-symbols', the symbol table is _not_ read from this
file.  If used without argument, GDB clears the information about the
executable file.  No output is produced, except a completion
notification.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `exec-file'.

Example
.......

     (gdb)
     -file-exec-file /kwikemart/marge/ezannoni/TRUNK/mbx/hello.mbx
     ^done
     (gdb)

The `-file-list-exec-sections' Command
--------------------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -file-list-exec-sections

   List the sections of the current executable file.

GDB Command
...........

   The GDB command `info file' shows, among the rest, the same
information as this command.  `gdbtk' has a corresponding command
`gdb_load_info'.

Example
.......

   N.A.

The `-file-list-exec-source-files' Command
------------------------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -file-list-exec-source-files

   List the source files for the current executable.

GDB Command
...........

   There's no GDB command which directly corresponds to this one.
`gdbtk' has an analogous command `gdb_listfiles'.

Example
.......

   N.A.

The `-file-list-shared-libraries' Command
-----------------------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -file-list-shared-libraries

   List the shared libraries in the program.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `info shared'.

Example
.......

   N.A.

The `-file-list-symbol-files' Command
-------------------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -file-list-symbol-files

   List symbol files.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `info file' (part of it).

Example
.......

   N.A.

The `-file-symbol-file' Command
-------------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -file-symbol-file FILE

   Read symbol table info from the specified FILE argument.  When used
without arguments, clears GDB's symbol table info.  No output is
produced, except for a completion notification.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `symbol-file'.

Example
.......

     (gdb)
     -file-symbol-file /kwikemart/marge/ezannoni/TRUNK/mbx/hello.mbx
     ^done
     (gdb)


File: gdb.info,  Node: GDB/MI Miscellaneous Commands,  Next: GDB/MI Stack Manipulation,  Prev: GDB/MI Program Control,  Up: GDB/MI

Miscellaneous GDB commands in GDB/MI
====================================

The `-gdb-exit' Command
-----------------------

Synopsis
........

      -gdb-exit

   Exit GDB immediately.

GDB Command
...........

   Approximately corresponds to `quit'.

Example
.......

     (gdb)
     -gdb-exit

The `-gdb-set' Command
----------------------

Synopsis
........

      -gdb-set

   Set an internal GDB variable.

GDB Command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `set'.

Example
.......

     (gdb)
     -gdb-set $foo=3
     ^done
     (gdb)

The `-gdb-show' Command
-----------------------

Synopsis
........

      -gdb-show

   Show the current value of a GDB variable.

GDB command
...........

   The corresponding GDB command is `show'.

Example
.......

     (gdb)
     -gdb-show annotate
     ^done,value="0"
     (gdb)

The `-gdb-version' Command
--------------------------

Synopsis
........

      -gdb-version

   Show version information for GDB.  Used mostly in testing.

GDB Command
...........

   There's no equivalent GDB command.  GDB by default shows this
information when you start an interactive session.

Example
.......

     (gdb)
     -gdb-version
     ~GNU gdb 5.2.1
     ~Copyright 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
     ~GDB is free software, covered by the GNU General Public License, and
     ~you are welcome to change it and/or distribute copies of it under
     ~ certain conditions.
     ~Type "show copying" to see the conditions.
     ~There is absolutely no warranty for GDB.  Type "show warranty" for
     ~ details.
     ~This GDB was configured as
      "--host=sparc-sun-solaris2.5.1 --target=ppc-eabi".
     ^done
     (gdb)