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                       LINUX ALLOCATED DEVICES

             Maintained by H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>

                     Last revised: July 9, 1996

This list is the successor to Rick Miller's Linux Device List, which
he stopped maintaining when he got busy with other things in 1993.  It
is a registry of allocated major device numbers, as well as the
recommended /dev directory nodes for these devices.

The latest version of this list is included with the Linux kernel
sources in LaTeX and ASCII form.  In case of discrepancy, the LaTeX
version is authoritative.

This document is included by reference into the Linux Filesystem
Standard (FSSTND).  The FSSTND is available via FTP from
tsx-11.mit.edu in the directory /pub/linux/docs/linux-standards/fsstnd.

To have a major number allocated, or a minor number in situations
where that applies (e.g. busmice), please contact me with the
appropriate device information.  Also, if you have additional
information regarding any of the devices listed below, or if I have
made a mistake, I would greatly appreciate a note.  When sending me
mail, please include the word "device" in the subject so your mail
won't accidentally get buried!

Allocations marked (68k/Amiga) apply to Linux/68k on the Amiga
platform only.  Allocations marked (68k/Atari) apply to Linux/68k on
the Atari platform only.

This document is in the public domain.  The author requests, however,
that semantically altered versions are not distributed without
permission of the author, assuming the author can be contacted without
an unreasonable effort.

In particular, please don't sent patches for this list to Linus, at
least not without contacting me first.

I do not have any information about these devices beyond what appears
on this list.  Any such information requests will be deleted without
reply.

  0             Unnamed devices (e.g. non-device mounts)
                  0 = reserved as null device number

  1 char        Memory devices
                  1 = /dev/mem          Physical memory access
                  2 = /dev/kmem         Kernel virtual memory access
                  3 = /dev/null         Null device
                  4 = /dev/port         I/O port access
                  5 = /dev/zero         Null byte source
                  6 = /dev/core         OBSOLETE - replaced by /proc/kcore
                  7 = /dev/full         Returns ENOSPC on write
                  8 = /dev/random       Nondeterministic random number gen.
                  9 = /dev/urandom      Faster, less secure random number gen.
    block       RAM disk
                  0 = /dev/ram0         First RAM disk
                    ...
                  7 = /dev/ram7         Eighth RAM disk
                250 = /dev/initrd       Initial RAM disk

                Older kernels had /dev/ramdisk (1, 1) here.
                /dev/initrd refers to a RAM disk which was preloaded
                by the boot loader.
                    
  2 char        Pseudo-TTY masters
                  0 = /dev/ptyp0        First PTY master
                  1 = /dev/ptyp1        Second PTY master
                    ...
                255 = /dev/ptyef        256th PTY master

                Pseudo-tty's are named as follows:
                * Masters are "pty", slaves are "tty";
                * the fourth letter is one of pqrstuvwxyzabcde indicating
                  the 1st through 16th series of 16 pseudo-ttys each, and
                * the fifth letter is one of 0123456789abcdef indicating
                  the position within the series.
  
    block       Floppy disks
                  0 = /dev/fd0          Controller 1, drive 1 autodetect
                  1 = /dev/fd1          Controller 1, drive 2 autodetect
                  2 = /dev/fd2          Controller 1, drive 3 autodetect
                  3 = /dev/fd3          Controller 1, drive 4 autodetect
                128 = /dev/fd4          Controller 2, drive 1 autodetect
                129 = /dev/fd5          Controller 2, drive 2 autodetect
                130 = /dev/fd6          Controller 2, drive 3 autodetect
                131 = /dev/fd7          Controller 2, drive 4 autodetect

                To specify format, add to the autodetect device number:
                  0 = /dev/fd?          Autodetect format
                  4 = /dev/fd?d360      5.25"  360K in a 360K  drive(1)
                 20 = /dev/fd?h360      5.25"  360K in a 1200K drive(1)
                 48 = /dev/fd?h410      5.25"  410K in a 1200K drive
                 64 = /dev/fd?h420      5.25"  420K in a 1200K drive
                 24 = /dev/fd?h720      5.25"  720K in a 1200K drive
                 80 = /dev/fd?h880      5.25"  880K in a 1200K drive(1)
                  8 = /dev/fd?h1200     5.25" 1200K in a 1200K drive(1)
                 40 = /dev/fd?h1440     5.25" 1440K in a 1200K drive(1)
                 56 = /dev/fd?h1476     5.25" 1476K in a 1200K drive
                 72 = /dev/fd?h1494     5.25" 1494K in a 1200K drive
                 92 = /dev/fd?h1600     5.25" 1600K in a 1200K drive(1)

                 12 = /dev/fd?u360      3.5"   360K Double Density
                120 = /dev/fd?u800      3.5"   800K Double Density(1)
                 52 = /dev/fd?u820      3.5"   820K Double Density(2)
                 68 = /dev/fd?u830      3.5"   830K Double Density
                 84 = /dev/fd?u1040     3.5"  1040K Double Density(1)
                 88 = /dev/fd?u1120     3.5"  1120K Double Density(1)
                 28 = /dev/fd?u1440     3.5"  1440K High Density(1)
                124 = /dev/fd?u1600     3.5"  1600K High Density(1)
                 44 = /dev/fd?u1680     3.5"  1680K High Density(3)
                 60 = /dev/fd?u1722     3.5"  1722K High Density
                 76 = /dev/fd?u1743     3.5"  1743K High Density
                 96 = /dev/fd?u1760     3.5"  1760K High Density
                116 = /dev/fd?u1840     3.5"  1840K High Density(3)
                100 = /dev/fd?u1920     3.5"  1920K High Density(1)
                 32 = /dev/fd?u2880     3.5"  2880K Extra Density(1)
                104 = /dev/fd?u3200     3.5"  3200K Extra Density
                108 = /dev/fd?u3520     3.5"  3520K Extra Density
                112 = /dev/fd?u3840     3.5"  3840K Extra Density(1)

                 36 = /dev/fd?CompaQ    Compaq 2880K drive; obsolete?

                (1) Autodetectable format
                (2) Autodetectable format in a Double Density (720K) drive only
                (3) Autodetectable format in a High Density (1440K) drive only

                NOTE: The letter in the device name (d, q, h or u)
                signifies the type of drive: 5.25" Double Density (d),
                5.25" Quad Density (q), 5.25" High Density (h) or 3.5"
                (any model, u).  The use of the capital letters D, H
                and E for the 3.5" models have been deprecated, since
                the drive type is insignificant for these devices.

  3 char        Pseudo-TTY slaves
                  0 = /dev/ttyp0        First PTY slave
                  1 = /dev/ttyp1        Second PTY slave
                    ...
                256 = /dev/ttyef        256th PTY slave

    block       First MFM, RLL and IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
                  0 = /dev/hda          Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
                 64 = /dev/hdb          Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
                
                For partitions, add to the whole disk device number:
                  0 = /dev/hd?          Whole disk
                  1 = /dev/hd?1         First partition
                  2 = /dev/hd?2         Second partition
                    ...
                 63 = /dev/hd?63        63rd partition

                For Linux/i386, partitions 1-4 are the primary
                partitions, and 5 and above are logical partitions.
                Other versions of Linux use partitioning schemes
                appropriate to their respective architectures.
                
  4 char        TTY devices
                  0 = /dev/console      Console device

                  1 = /dev/tty1         First virtual console
                      ...
                 63 = /dev/tty63        63rd virtual console
                 64 = /dev/ttyS0        First serial port
                      ...
                127 = /dev/ttyS63       64th serial port
                128 = /dev/ptyp0        First pseudo-tty master
                      ...
                191 = /dev/ptysf        64th pseudo-tty master
                192 = /dev/ttyp0        First pseudo-tty slave
                      ...
                255 = /dev/ttysf        64th pseudo-tty slave

                For compatibility with previous versions of Linux, the
                first 64 PTYs are replicated under this device
                number.  This use will be obsolescent with the release
                of Linux 1.4 and may be removed in a future version of
                Linux.

  5 char        Alternate TTY devices
                  0 = /dev/tty          Current TTY device
                 64 = /dev/cua0         Callout device corresponding to ttyS0
                      ...
                127 = /dev/cua63        Callout device corresponding to ttyS63

  6 char        Parallel printer devices
                  0 = /dev/lp0          First parallel printer (0x3bc)
                  1 = /dev/lp1          Second parallel printer (0x378)
                  2 = /dev/lp2          Third parallel printer (0x278)

                Not all computers have the 0x3bc parallel port; hence
                the "first" printer may be either /dev/lp0 or
                /dev/lp1.

  7 char        Virtual console capture devices
                  0 = /dev/vcs          Current vc text contents
                  1 = /dev/vcs1         tty1 text contents
                      ...
                 63 = /dev/vcs63        tty63 text contents
                128 = /dev/vcsa         Current vc text/attribute contents
                129 = /dev/vcsa1        tty1 text/attribute contents
                      ...
                191 = /dev/vcsa63       tty63 text/attribute contents
        
                NOTE: These devices permit both read and write access.

    block       Loopback devices
                  0 = /dev/loop0        First loopback device
                  1 = /dev/loop1        Second loopback device
                      ...

                The loopback devices are used to mount filesystems not
                associated with block devices.  The binding to the
                loopback devices is usually handled by mount(8).

  8 block       SCSI disk devices
                  0 = /dev/sda          First SCSI disk whole disk
                 16 = /dev/sdb          Second SCSI disk whole disk
                 32 = /dev/sdc          Third SCSI disk whole disk
                      ...
                240 = /dev/sdp          Sixteenth SCSI disk whole disk

                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
                partitions is 15.

  9 char        SCSI tape devices
                  0 = /dev/st0          First SCSI tape, mode 0
                  1 = /dev/st1          Second SCSI tape, mode 0
                      ...
                 32 = /dev/st0l         First SCSI tape, mode 1
                 33 = /dev/st1l         Second SCSI tape, mode 1
                      ...
                 64 = /dev/st0m         First SCSI tape, mode 2
                 65 = /dev/st1m         Second SCSI tape, mode 2
                      ...
                 96 = /dev/st0a         First SCSI tape, mode 3
                 97 = /dev/st1a         Second SCSI tape, mode 3
                      ...
                128 = /dev/nst0         First SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind
                129 = /dev/nst1         Second SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind
                      ...
                160 = /dev/nst0l        First SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind
                161 = /dev/nst1l        Second SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind
                      ...
                192 = /dev/nst0m        First SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind
                193 = /dev/nst1m        Second SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind
                      ...
                224 = /dev/nst0a        First SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind
                225 = /dev/nst1a        Second SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind
                      ...

                "No rewind" refers to the omission of the default
                automatic rewind on device close.  The MTREW or MTOFFL
                ioctl()'s can be used to rewind the tape regardless of
                the device used to access it.

    block       Metadisk (RAID) devices
                  0 = /dev/md0          First metadisk group
                  1 = /dev/md1          Second metadisk group
                      ...

                The metadisk driver is used to span a
                file system across multiple physical disks.

 10 char        Non-serial mice, misc features
                  0 = /dev/logibm       Logitech bus mouse
                  1 = /dev/psaux        PS/2-style mouse port
                  2 = /dev/inportbm     Microsoft Inport bus mouse
                  3 = /dev/atibm        ATI XL bus mouse
                  4 = /dev/jbm          J-mouse
                  4 = /dev/amigamouse   Amiga mouse (68k/Amiga)
                  5 = /dev/atarimouse   Atari mouse
                  6 = /dev/sunmouse     Sun mouse
                  7 = /dev/amigamouse1  Second Amiga mouse
                128 = /dev/beep         Fancy beep device
                129 = /dev/modreq       Kernel module load request
                130 = /dev/watchdog     Watchdog timer port
                131 = /dev/temperature  Machine internal temperature
                132 = /dev/hwtrap       Hardware fault trap
                133 = /dev/exttrp       External device trap
                134 = /dev/apm_bios     Advanced Power Management BIOS
                135 = /dev/rtc          Real Time Clock
                136 = /dev/qcam0        QuickCam on lp0
                137 = /dev/qcam1        QuickCam on lp1
                138 = /dev/qcam2        QuickCam on lp2
                139 = /dev/openprom     SPARC OpenBoot PROM

 11 char        Raw keyboard device
                  0 = /dev/kbd          Raw keyboard device

                The raw keyboard device is used on Linux/SPARC only.

    block       SCSI CD-ROM devices
                  0 = /dev/sr0          First SCSI CD-ROM
                  1 = /dev/sr1          Second SCSI CD-ROM
                      ...

                The prefix /dev/scd instead of /dev/sr has been used
                as well, and might make more sense.

 12 char        QIC-02 tape
                  2 = /dev/ntpqic11     QIC-11, no rewind-on-close
                  3 = /dev/tpqic11      QIC-11, rewind-on-close
                  4 = /dev/ntpqic24     QIC-24, no rewind-on-close
                  5 = /dev/tpqic24      QIC-24, rewind-on-close
                  6 = /dev/ntpqic120    QIC-120, no rewind-on-close
                  7 = /dev/tpqic120     QIC-120, rewind-on-close
                  8 = /dev/ntpqic150    QIC-150, no rewind-on-close
                  9 = /dev/tpqic150     QIC-150, rewind-on-close

                The device names specified are proposed -- if there
                are "standard" names for these devices, please let me know.

    block       MSCDEX CD-ROM callback support
                  0 = /dev/dos_cd0      First MSCDEX CD-ROM
                  1 = /dev/dos_cd1      Second MSCDEX CD-ROM
                      ...

 13 char        PC speaker
                  0 = /dev/pcmixer      Emulates /dev/mixer
                  1 = /dev/pcsp         Emulates /dev/dsp (8-bit)
                  4 = /dev/pcaudio      Emulates /dev/audio
                  5 = /dev/pcsp16       Emulates /dev/dsp (16-bit)
    block       8-bit MFM/RLL/IDE controller
                  0 = /dev/xda          First XT disk whole disk
                 64 = /dev/xdb          Second XT disk whole disk

                Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
                (see major number 3).

 14 char        Sound card
                  0 = /dev/mixer        Mixer control
                  1 = /dev/sequencer    Audio sequencer
                  2 = /dev/midi00       First MIDI port
                  3 = /dev/dsp          Digital audio
                  4 = /dev/audio        Sun-compatible digital audio
                  6 = /dev/sndstat      Sound card status information
                  8 = /dev/sequencer2   Sequencer -- alternate device
                 16 = /dev/mixer1       Second soundcard mixer control
                 17 = /dev/patmgr0      Sequencer patch manager
                 18 = /dev/midi01       Second MIDI port
                 19 = /dev/dsp1         Second soundcard digital audio
                 20 = /dev/audio1       Second soundcard Sun digital audio
                 33 = /dev/patmgr1      Sequencer patch manager
                 34 = /dev/midi02       Third MIDI port
                 50 = /dev/midi03       Fourth MIDI port
    block       BIOS hard drive callback support
                  0 = /dev/dos_hda      First BIOS hard drive whole disk
                 64 = /dev/dos_hdb      Second BIOS hard drive whole disk
                128 = /dev/dos_hdc      Third BIOS hard drive whole disk
                192 = /dev/dos_hdd      Fourth BIOS hard drive whole disk

                Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
                (see major number 3).

 15 char        Joystick
                  0 = /dev/js0          First analog joystick
                  1 = /dev/js1          Second analog joystick
                    ...
                128 = /dev/djs0         First digital joystick
                129 = /dev/djs1         Second digital joystick
                    ...
    block       Sony CDU-31A/CDU-33A CD-ROM
                  0 = /dev/sonycd       Sony CDU-31a CD-ROM

 16 char        Non-SCSI scanners
                  0 = /dev/gs4500       Genius 4500 handheld scanner
    block       GoldStar CD-ROM
                  0 = /dev/gscd         GoldStar CD-ROM

 17 char        Chase serial card
                  0 = /dev/ttyH0        First Chase port
                  1 = /dev/ttyH1        Second Chase port
                      ...
    block       Optics Storage CD-ROM
                  0 = /dev/optcd        Optics Storage CD-ROM

 18 char        Chase serial card - alternate devices
                  0 = /dev/cuh0         Callout device corresponding to ttyH0
                  1 = /dev/cuh1         Callout device corresponding to ttyH1
                      ...
    block       Sanyo CD-ROM
                  0 = /dev/sjcd         Sanyo CD-ROM

 19 char        Cyclades serial card
                  0 = /dev/ttyC0        First Cyclades port
                      ...
                 31 = /dev/ttyC31       32nd Cyclades port
    block       "Double" compressed disk
                  0 = /dev/double0      First compressed disk
                      ...
                  7 = /dev/double7      Eighth compressed disk
                128 = /dev/cdouble0     Mirror of first compressed disk
                      ...
                135 = /dev/cdouble7     Mirror of eighth compressed disk

                See the Double documentation for the meaning of the
                mirror devices.

 20 char        Cyclades serial card - alternate devices
                  0 = /dev/cub0         Callout device corresponding to ttyC0
                      ...
                 31 = /dev/cub31        Callout device corresponding to ttyC31
    block       Hitachi CD-ROM (under development)
                  0 = /dev/hitcd        Hitachi CD-ROM

 21 char        Generic SCSI access
                  0 = /dev/sg0          First generic SCSI device
                  1 = /dev/sg1          Second generic SCSI device
                      ...

 22 char        Digiboard serial card
                  0 = /dev/ttyD0        First Digiboard port
                  1 = /dev/ttyD1        Second Digiboard port
                      ...
    block       Second IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
                  0 = /dev/hdc          Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
                 64 = /dev/hdd          Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
                
                Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
                interface (see major number 3).

 23 char        Digiboard serial card - alternate devices
                  0 = /dev/cud0         Callout device corresponding to ttyD0
                  1 = /dev/cud1         Callout device corresponding to ttyD1
                      ...
    block       Mitsumi proprietary CD-ROM
                  0 = /dev/mcd          Mitsumi CD-ROM

 24 char        Stallion serial card
                  0 = /dev/ttyE0        Stallion port 0 card 0
                  1 = /dev/ttyE1        Stallion port 1 card 0
                      ...
                 64 = /dev/ttyE64       Stallion port 0 card 1
                 65 = /dev/ttyE65       Stallion port 1 card 1
                      ...
                128 = /dev/ttyE128      Stallion port 0 card 2
                129 = /dev/ttyE129      Stallion port 1 card 2
                      ...
                192 = /dev/ttyE192      Stallion port 0 card 3
                193 = /dev/ttyE193      Stallion port 1 card 3
                      ...
    block       Sony CDU-535 CD-ROM
                  0 = /dev/cdu535       Sony CDU-535 CD-ROM

 25 char        Stallion serial card - alternate devices
                  0 = /dev/cue0         Callout device corresponding to ttyE0
                  1 = /dev/cue1         Callout device corresponding to ttyE1
                      ...
                 64 = /dev/cue64        Callout device corresponding to ttyE64
                 65 = /dev/cue65        Callout device corresponding to ttyE65
                      ...
                128 = /dev/cue128       Callout device corresponding to ttyE128
                129 = /dev/cue129       Callout device corresponding to ttyE129
                      ...
                192 = /dev/cue192       Callout device corresponding to ttyE192
                193 = /dev/cue193       Callout device corresponding to ttyE193
                      ...
    block       First Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
                  0 = /dev/sbpcd0       Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 0
                  1 = /dev/sbpcd1       Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 1
                  2 = /dev/sbpcd2       Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 2
                  3 = /dev/sbpcd3       Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 3

 26 char        Quanta WinVision frame grabber
                  0 = /dev/wvisfgrab    Quanta WinVision frame grabber
    block       Second Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
                  0 = /dev/sbpcd4       Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 0
                  1 = /dev/sbpcd5       Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 1
                  2 = /dev/sbpcd6       Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 2
                  3 = /dev/sbpcd7       Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 3

 27 char        QIC-117 tape
                  0 = /dev/rft0         Unit 0, rewind-on-close
                  1 = /dev/rft1         Unit 1, rewind-on-close
                  2 = /dev/rft2         Unit 2, rewind-on-close
                  3 = /dev/rft3         Unit 3, rewind-on-close
                  4 = /dev/nrft0        Unit 0, no rewind-on-close
                  5 = /dev/nrft1        Unit 1, no rewind-on-close
                  6 = /dev/nrft2        Unit 2, no rewind-on-close
                  7 = /dev/nrft3        Unit 3, no rewind-on-close
    block       Third Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
                  0 = /dev/sbpcd8       Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 0
                  1 = /dev/sbpcd9       Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 1
                  2 = /dev/sbpcd10      Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 2
                  3 = /dev/sbpcd11      Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 3

 28 char        Stallion serial card - card programming
                  0 = /dev/staliomem0   First Stallion card I/O memory
                  1 = /dev/staliomem1   Second Stallion card I/O memory
                  2 = /dev/staliomem2   Third Stallion card I/O memory
                  3 = /dev/staliomem3   Fourth Stallion card I/O memory
    char        Atari SLM ACSI laser printer (68k/Atari)
                  0 = /dev/slm0         First SLM laser printer
                  1 = /dev/slm1         Second SLM laser printer
                      ...
    block       Fourth Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
                  0 = /dev/sbpcd12      Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 0
                  1 = /dev/sbpcd13      Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 1
                  2 = /dev/sbpcd14      Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 2
                  3 = /dev/sbpcd15      Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 3
    block       ACSI disk (68k/Atari)
                  0 = /dev/ada          First ACSI disk whole disk
                 16 = /dev/adb          Second ACSI disk whole disk
                 32 = /dev/adc          Third ACSI disk whole disk
                      ...
                240 = /dev/adp          16th ACSI disk whole disk

                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
                partitions is 15, like SCSI.

 29 char        Universal frame buffer
                  0 = /dev/fb0          First frame buffer
                  1 = /dev/fb0autodetect
                 24 = /dev/fb0user0
                      ...
                 31 = /dev/fb0user7
                 32 = /dev/fb1          Second frame buffer
                 33 = /dev/fb1autodetect
                 56 = /dev/fb1user0
                      ...
                 63 = /dev/fb1user7

                The universal frame buffer device is currently only
                supported on Linux/68k and Linux/SPARC.  The plain
                device accesses the frame buffer at current resolution
                (Linux/68k calls this device "current",
                e.g. /dev/fb0current); the "autodetect" one at bootup
                (default) resolution.  Minor numbers 2-23 within each
                frame buffer assignment are used for specific
                device-dependent resolutions.  There appears to be no
                standard naming for these devices.  Finally, 2-31
                within each device are reserved for user-selected
                modes, usually entered at boot time.  Currently only
                Linux/68k uses the mode-specific devices.

    block       Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes CD-ROM
                  0 = /dev/aztcd        Aztech CD-ROM

 30 char        iBCS-2 compatibility devices
                  0 = /dev/socksys      Socket access
                  1 = /dev/spx          SVR3 local X interface
                  2 = /dev/inet/arp     Network access
                  2 = /dev/inet/icmp    Network access
                  2 = /dev/inet/ip      Network access
                  2 = /dev/inet/udp     Network access
                  2 = /dev/inet/tcp     Network access

                iBCS-2 requires /dev/nfsd to be a link to
                /dev/socksys, and /dev/X0R to be a link to /dev/null.

    block       Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM
                  0 = /dev/cm205cd      Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM

                /dev/lmscd is an older name for this device.  This
                driver does not work with the CM-205MS CD-ROM.

 31 char        MPU-401 MIDI
                  0 = /dev/mpu401data   MPU-401 data port
                  1 = /dev/mpu401stat   MPU-401 status port
    block       ROM/flash memory card
                  0 = /dev/rom0         First ROM card (rw)
                      ...
                  7 = /dev/rom7         Eighth ROM card (rw)
                  8 = /dev/rrom0        First ROM card (ro)
                      ...
                 15 = /dev/rrom7        Eighth ROM card (ro)
                 16 = /dev/flash0       First flash memory card (rw)
                      ...
                 23 = /dev/flash7       Eighth flash memory card (rw)
                 24 = /dev/rflash0      First flash memory card (ro)
                      ...
                 31 = /dev/rflash7      Eighth flash memory card (ro)

                The read-write (rw) devices support back-caching
                written data in RAM, as well as writing to flash RAM
                devices.  The read-only devices (ro) support reading
                only.

 32 char        Specialix serial card
                  0 = /dev/ttyX0        First Specialix port
                  1 = /dev/ttyX1        Second Specialix port
                      ...
    block       Philips LMS CM-206 CD-ROM
                  0 = /dev/cm206cd      Philips LMS CM-206 CD-ROM

 33 char        Specialix serial card - alternate devices
                  0 = /dev/cux0         Callout device corresponding to ttyX0
                  1 = /dev/cux1         Callout device corresponding to ttyX1
                      ...
    block       Third IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
                  0 = /dev/hde          Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
                 64 = /dev/hdf          Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)

                Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
                interface (see major number 3).

 34 char        Z8530 HDLC driver
                  0 = /dev/scc0         First Z8530, first port
                  1 = /dev/scc1         First Z8530, second port
                  2 = /dev/scc2         Second Z8530, first port
                  3 = /dev/scc3         Second Z8530, second port
                      ...

                In a previous version these devices were named
                /dev/sc1 for /dev/scc0, /dev/sc2 for /dev/scc1, and so
                on.

    block       Fourth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
                  0 = /dev/hdg          Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
                 64 = /dev/hdh          Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
                
                Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
                interface (see major number 3).

 35 char        tclmidi MIDI driver
                  0 = /dev/midi0        First MIDI port, kernel timed
                  1 = /dev/midi1        Second MIDI port, kernel timed
                  2 = /dev/midi2        Third MIDI port, kernel timed
                  3 = /dev/midi3        Fourth MIDI port, kernel timed
                 64 = /dev/rmidi0       First MIDI port, untimed
                 65 = /dev/rmidi1       Second MIDI port, untimed
                 66 = /dev/rmidi2       Third MIDI port, untimed
                 67 = /dev/rmidi3       Fourth MIDI port, untimed
                128 = /dev/smpte0       First MIDI port, SMPTE timed
                129 = /dev/smpte1       Second MIDI port, SMPTE timed
                130 = /dev/smpte2       Third MIDI port, SMPTE timed
                131 = /dev/smpte3       Fourth MIDI port, SMPTE timed
    block       Modular RAM disk device

                This device number is provided for older kernels which
                did not have the modular RAM disk in the standard
                distribution.  See major number 1.  This assignment
                will be removed when the 2.0 kernel is released.

 36 char        Netlink support
                  0 = /dev/route        Routing, device updates, kernel to user
                  1 = /dev/skip         enSKIP security cache control
    block       MCA ESDI hard disk
                  0 = /dev/eda          First ESDI disk whole disk
                 64 = /dev/edb          Second ESDI disk whole disk
                      ...

                Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
                (see major number 3).

 37 char        IDE tape
                  0 = /dev/ht0          First IDE tape
                128 = /dev/nht0         First IDE tape, no rewind-on-close

                Currently, only one IDE tape drive is supported.

    block       Zorro II ramdisk
                  0 = /dev/z2ram        Zorro II ramdisk

 38 char        Myricom PCI Myrinet board
                  0 = /dev/mlanai0      First Myrinet board
                  1 = /dev/mlanai1      Second Myrinet board
                      ...

                This device is used for status query, board control
                and "user level packet I/O."  This board is also
                accessible as a standard networking "eth" device.

    block       Reserved for Linux/AP+

 39 char        ML-16P experimental I/O board
                  0 = /dev/ml16pa-a0    First card, first analog channel
                  1 = /dev/ml16pa-a1    First card, second analog channel
                      ...
                 15 = /dev/ml16pa-a15   First card, 16th analog channel
                 16 = /dev/ml16pa-d     First card, digital lines
                 17 = /dev/ml16pa-c0    First card, first counter/timer
                 18 = /dev/ml16pa-c1    First card, second counter/timer
                 19 = /dev/ml16pa-c2    First card, third counter/timer
                 32 = /dev/ml16pb-a0    Second card, first analog channel
                 33 = /dev/ml16pb-a1    Second card, second analog channel
                      ...
                 47 = /dev/ml16pb-a15   Second card, 16th analog channel
                 48 = /dev/ml16pb-d     Second card, digital lines
                 49 = /dev/ml16pb-c0    Second card, first counter/timer
                 50 = /dev/ml16pb-c1    Second card, second counter/timer
                 51 = /dev/ml16pb-c2    Second card, third counter/timer
                      ...
    block       Reserved for Linux/AP+

 40 char        Matrox Meteor frame grabber
                  0 = /dev/mmetfgrab    Matrox Meteor frame grabber
    block       Syquest EZ135 parallel port removable drive
                  0 = /dev/eza          Parallel EZ135 drive, whole disk

                Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
                (see major number 3).

 41 char        Yet Another Micro Monitor
                  0 = /dev/yamm         Yet Another Micro Monitor
    block       MicroSolutions BackPack parallel port CD-ROM
                  0 = /dev/bpcd         BackPack CD-ROM

 42             Demo/sample use

                This number is intended for use in sample code, as
                well as a general "example" device number.  It
                should never be used for a device driver that is being
                distributed; either obtain an official number or use
                the local/experimental range.  The sudden addition or
                removal of a driver with this number should not cause
                ill effects to the system (bugs excepted.)

 43 char        isdn4linux virtual modem
                  0 = /dev/ttyI0        First virtual modem
                      ...
                 63 = /dev/ttyI63       64th virtual modem

 44 char        isdn4linux virtual modem - alternate devices
                  0 = /dev/cui0         Callout device corresponding to ttyI0
                      ...
                 63 = /dev/cui63        Callout device corresponding to ttyI63

 45 char        isdn4linux ISDN BRI driver
                  0 = /dev/isdn0        First virtual B channel raw data
                      ...
                 63 = /dev/isdn63       64th virtual B channel raw data
                 64 = /dev/isdnctrl0    First channel control/debug
                      ...
                127 = /dev/isdnctrl63   64th channel control/debug

                128 = /dev/ippp0        First SyncPPP device
                      ...
                191 = /dev/ippp63       64th SyncPPP device

                255 = /dev/isdninfo     ISDN monitor interface

 46 char        Comtrol Rocketport serial card
                  0 = /dev/ttyR0        First Rocketport port
                  1 = /dev/ttyR1        Second Rocketport port
                      ...

 47 char        Comtrol Rocketport serial card - alternate devices
                  0 = /dev/cur0         Callout device corresponding to ttyR0
                  1 = /dev/cur1         Callout device corresponding to ttyR1
                      ...

 48 char        SDL RISCom serial card
                  0 = /dev/ttyL0        First RISCom port
                  1 = /dev/ttyL1        Second RISCom port
                      ...

 49 char        SDL RISCom serial card - alternate devices
                  0 = /dev/cul0         Callout device corresponding to ttyL0
                  1 = /dev/cul1         Callout device corresponding to ttyL1
                      ...

 50 char        Reserved for GLINT

 51 char        Baycom radio modem
                  0 = /dev/bc0          First Baycom radio modem
                  1 = /dev/bc1          Second Baycom radio modem
                      ...

 52 char        Spellcaster DataComm/BRI ISDN card
                  0 = /dev/dcbri0       First DataComm card
                  1 = /dev/dcbri1       Second DataComm card
                  2 = /dev/dcbri2       Third DataComm card
                  3 = /dev/dcbri3       Fourth DataComm card

 53 char        BDM interface for remote debugging MC683xx microcontrollers
                  0 = /dev/pd_bdm0      PD BDM interface on lp0
                  1 = /dev/pd_bdm1      PD BDM interface on lp1
                  2 = /dev/pd_bdm2      PD BDM interface on lp2
                  4 = /dev/icd_bdm0     ICD BDM interface on lp0
                  5 = /dev/icd_bdm1     ICD BDM interface on lp1
                  6 = /dev/icd_bdm2     ICD BDM interface on lp2

                This device is used for the interfacing to the MC683xx
                microcontrollers via Background Debug Mode by use of a
                Parallel Port interface. PD is the Motorola Public
                Domain Interface and ICD is the commercial interface
                by P&E.

 54 char        Electrocardiognosis Holter serial card
                  0 = /dev/holter0      First Holter port
                  1 = /dev/holter1      Second Holter port
                  2 = /dev/holter2      Third Holter port

                A custom serial card used by Electrocardiognosis SRL
                <mseritan@ottonel.pub.ro> to transfer data from Holter
                24-hour heart monitoring equipment.

 55-59          UNALLOCATED

 60-63          LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
                Allocated for local/experimental use.  For devices not
                assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
                used, in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.

 64-119         UNALLOCATED

120-127         LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE

128-239         UNALLOCATED

240-254         LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE

255             RESERVED




        ADDITIONAL /dev DIRECTORY ENTRIES

This section details additional entries that should or may exist in
the /dev directory.  It is preferred that symbolic links use the same
form (absolute or relative) as is indicated here.  Links are
classified as "hard" or "symbolic" depending on the preferred type of
link; if possible, the indicated type of link should be used.


        Compulsory links

These links should exist on all systems:

/dev/fd         /proc/self/fd   symbolic        File descriptors
/dev/stdin      fd/0            symbolic        stdin file descriptor
/dev/stdout     fd/1            symbolic        stdout file descriptor
/dev/stderr     fd/2            symbolic        stderr file descriptor
/dev/nfsd       socksys         symbolic        Required by iBCS-2
/dev/X0R        null            symbolic        Required by iBCS-2

Note: the last device is <letter X>-<digit 0>-<letter R>.

        Recommended links

It is recommended that these links exist on all systems:

/dev/core       /proc/kcore     symbolic        Backward compatibility
/dev/ramdisk    ram0            symbolic        Backward compatibility
/dev/ftape      rft0            symbolic        Backward compatibility
/dev/scd?       sr?             hard            Alternate SCSI CD-ROM name


        Locally defined links

The following links may be established locally to conform to the
configuration of the system.  This is merely a tabulation of existing
practice, and does not constitute a recommendation.  However, if they
exist, they should have the following uses.

/dev/mouse      mouse port      symbolic        Current mouse device
/dev/tape       tape device     symbolic        Current tape device
/dev/cdrom      CD-ROM device   symbolic        Current CD-ROM device
/dev/cdwriter   CD-writer       symbolic        Current CD-writer device
/dev/scanner    scanner         symbolic        Current scanner device
/dev/modem      modem port      symbolic        Current dialout device
/dev/root       root device     symbolic        Current root file system
/dev/swap       swap device     symbolic        Current swap device

/dev/modem should not be used for a modem which supports dialin as
well as dialout, as it tends to cause lock file problems.  If it
exists, /dev/modem should point to the appropriate dialout (alternate)
device.

For SCSI devices, /dev/tape and /dev/cdrom should point to the
``cooked'' devices (/dev/st* and /dev/sr*, respectively), whereas
/dev/cdwriter and /dev/scanner should point to the appropriate generic
SCSI devices (/dev/sg*).

/dev/mouse may point to a primary serial TTY device, a hardware mouse
device, or a socket for a mouse driver program (e.g. /dev/gpmdata).

        Sockets and pipes

Non-transient sockets and named pipes may exist in /dev.  Common entries are:

/dev/printer    socket          lpd local socket
/dev/log        socket          syslog local socket
/dev/gpmdata    socket          gpm mouse multiplexer