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Chips-2.0 Demo for SP605 Development Card
=========================================

:Author: Jonathan P Dawson
:Date: 2013-10-17
:email: chips@jondawson.org.uk

This project implements a TCP/IP stack. The TCP/IP stack acts as a server, and
can accept a single connection to a TCP port. The connection is provided as a
bidirectional stream of data to the application. The following protocols are supported:

        + ARP request/response (with 16 level cache)
        + ICMP echo request/response (ping)
        + TCP/IP socket

Synthesis Estimate
==================

The TCP/IP server consumes around 800 LUTs and 300 Flip-Flops in a Xilinx Spartan 6 device.


Dependencies
============

The stack is implemented in C, and needs Chips-2.0 to compile it into a Verilog
module.

Source Files
============

The TCP/IP stack is provided by two source files:

        + source/server.h
        + source/server.c

Configuration
=============

The following parameters can be configured at compile time within source/server.h:

        + Local Ethernet MAC address (default: 0x000102030405)
        + Local IP Address (default: 192.168.1.1)
        + Local TCP Port number (default: 80 HTTP)

Compile 
=======

Compile into a Verilog module (server.v) using the following command::

        $ chip2/c2verilog source/server.v

Interface
=========

::

                             +-----------+
                             |  SERVER   |
                             +-----------+
      ethernet_rx [15:0] >===>           >===> output_socket [15:0]
                             |           |
                             |           |
      ethernet_tx [15:0] <===<           <===< input_socket [15:0]
                             +-----------+


Ethernet Interface
------------------

The Ethernet interface consists of two streams of data:

        + An input, input_eth_rx.
        + An output, output_eth_tx.

Both streams are 16 bits wide, and use the following protocol:


+------+-----------------+
| word |   designation   |
+------+-----------------+
|  0   | length in bytes |
+------+-----------------+
|  n   |       data      |
+------+-----------------+


Socket Interface
----------------

The socket interface consists of two streams of data:

        + An input, input_socket.
        + An output, output_socket.

Both streams are 16 bits wide, and use the following protocol:


+------+-----------------+
| word |   designation   |
+------+-----------------+
|  0   | length in bytes |
+------+-----------------+
|  n   |       data      |
+------+-----------------+


Stream Interconnect Conventions
===============================
 
The main aims of the interface are:

  - To be simple to implement.
  - Add little performance/logic overhead.
  - Allow designs to grow without adding extra levels of asynchronous logic.
  - Easy to interface with standard interconnects.
 
::
 
  RST >-o-----------------------------+
  CLK >-+-o-------------------------+ |
        | |                         | |
        | |   +-----------+         | |     +--------------+
        | |   | TX        |         | |     | RX           |
        | +--->           |         | +----->              |
        +----->           |         +------->              |
              |           |                 |              |
              |           | <BUS_NAME>      |              |
              |       out >=================> in           |
              |           | <BUS_NAME>_STB  |              |
              |       out >-----------------> in           |
              |           | <BUS_NAME>_ACK  |              |
              |       in  <-----------------< out          |
              |           |                 |              |
              +-----------+                 +--------------+
 
Global Signals
--------------
 


+------+-----------+------+-------------+
| Name | Direction | Type | Description |
+------+-----------+------+-------------+
| CLK  |   input   | bit  |    Clock    |
+------+-----------+------+-------------+
| RST  |   input   | bit  |    Reset    |
+------+-----------+------+-------------+


 
Interconnect Signals
--------------------
 


+----------------+-----------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
|      Name      | Direction | Type |                        Description                        |
+----------------+-----------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
|   <BUS_NAME>   |  TX to RX | bus  |                        Payload Data                       |
+----------------+-----------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| <BUS_NAME>_STB |  TX to RX | bit  | '1' indicates that payload data is valid and TX is ready. |
+----------------+-----------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| <BUS_NAME>_ACK |  TX to RX | bit  |              '1' indicates that RX is ready.              |
+----------------+-----------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------+


 
Interconnect Bus Transaction
----------------------------
 
- Both transmitter and receiver shall be synchronised to the '0' -> '1' transition of CLK.
- If RST is set to '1' upon the '0' -> '1' transition of clock the transmitter shall terminate any active bus transaction and set <BUS_NAME>_STB to '0'.
- If RST is set to '1' upon the '0' -> '1' transition of clock the receiver shall terminate any active bus transaction and set <BUS_NAME>_ACK to '0'.
- If RST is set to '0', normal operation shall commence as follows:
- The transmitter may insert wait states on the bus by setting <BUS_NAME>_STB '0'.
- The transmitter shall set <BUS_NAME>_STB to '1' to signify that data is valid.
- Once <BUS_NAME>_STB has been set to '1', it shall remain at '1' until the transaction completes.
- The transmitter shall ensure that <BUS_NAME> contains valid data for the entire period that <BUS_NAME>_STB is '1'.
- The transmitter may set <BUS_NAME> to any value when <BUS_NAME>_STB is '0'.
- The receiver may insert wait states on the bus by setting <BUS_NAME>_ACK to '0'.
- The receiver shall set <BUS_NAME>_ACK to '1' to signify that it is ready to receive data.
- Once <BUS_NAME>_ACK has been set to '1', it shall remain at '1' until the transaction completes.
- Whenever <BUS_NAME>_STB is '1' and <BUS_NAME>_ACK are '1', a bus transaction shall complete on the following '0' -> '1' transition of CLK.
 
::
 
        RST                                                                           
                         --------------------------------------------------------------
                           -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -  
         CLK              | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
                         -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -
         
                         ----- ------- ------------------------------------------------
        <BUS_NAME>            X VALID X
                         ----- ------- ------------------------------------------------
                               -------
        <BUS_NAME>_STB        |       |                                               
                         -----         ------------------------------------------------
                                   ---
        <BUS_NAME>_ACK            |   |                                                
                         ---------     ------------------------------------------------
         
         
                               ^^^^ RX adds wait states
         
                                   ^^^^  Data transfers
         
        RST                                                                          
                         --------------------------------------------------------------
                           -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -  
         CLK              | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
                         -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -
         
                         ----- ------- ------------------------------------------------
        <BUS_NAME>            X VALID X
                         ----- ------- ------------------------------------------------
                                   ---
        <BUS_NAME>_STB            |   |                                               
                         ---------     ------------------------------------------------
                               -------
        <BUS_NAME>_ACK        |       |                                                
                         -----         ------------------------------------------------
         
         
                               ^^^^ TX adds wait states
         
                                   ^^^^  Data transfers

..
 
- Both the transmitter and receiver may commence a new transaction without inserting any wait states.
 
::

        RST                                                                          
                         --------------------------------------------------------------
                           -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -  
         CLK              | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
                         -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -
         
                         ----- ------- ---- ---- --------------------------------------
        <BUS_NAME>            X D0    X D1 X D2 X
                         ----- ------- ---- ---- --------------------------------------
                                   -------------
        <BUS_NAME>_STB            |             |                                     
                         ---------               --------------------------------------
                               -----------------
        <BUS_NAME>_ACK        |                 |                                      
                         -----                   --------------------------------------
         
                                ^^^^ TX adds wait states
         
                                     ^^^^  Data transfers
         
                                         ^^^^ STB and ACK needn't return to 0 between data words

..
 
 
- The receiver may delay a transaction by inserting wait states until the transmitter indicates that data is available.
 
- The transmitter shall not delay a transaction by inserting wait states until the receiver is ready to accept data.
 
- Deadlock would occur if both the transmitter and receiver delayed a transaction until the other was ready.